燃气管路气流脉动压力模化试验研究

燃气管路气流脉动特性是影响补燃循环多推力室液体火箭发动机安全运行的因素之一,气流脉动压力强度剧烈时将影响管路下游燃烧室燃烧稳定性及发动机的正常工作.为探究液体火箭发动机燃气管路气流脉动压力特性,对燃气管路进行了模化试验,分析了进口流量分别为额定值模拟流量65％,100％和108％下无导流装置和有导流装置的气流脉动压力变...     

A methodology for simulating 2D shock-induced dynamic stall at flight test-based fluctuating freestream

A comprehensive methodology for simulating 2 D dynamic stall at fluctuating freestream is proposed in this paper.2 D CFD simulation of a SC1095 airfoil exposed to a fluctuating freestream of Mach number 0.537 ± 0.205 and Reynolds number 6.1 × 10~6(based on the mean Mach number) and undergoing a 10° ± 10° pitch oscillation with a frequency of 4.25 Hz was conducted.These conditions were selected to be representative of the flow experienced by a helicopter rotor airfoil section in a real-life fast forward flight.Both constant freestream dynamic stall as well as fluctuating freestream dynamic stall simulations were conducted and compared.The methodology was carefully validated with experimental data for both transonic flow and dynamic stall under fluctuating freestream.Overall, the results suggest that the fluctuating freestream alters the dynamic stall mechanism documented for constant freestream in a major way, emphasizing that inclusion of this effect in the prediction of dynamic stall related rotor loads is imperative for rotor performance analysis and blades design.     

航天员虚拟训练中的一维直线运动速度规划算法

研究了身穿航天服的航天员在搬运物体时的运动规律，将搬运物体的过程进行了分类。结合传统的六段加减速算法，对每种情况下的肌肉激活度进行了规划,并采用粒子群算法进行求解。利用Matlab/Simulink搭建了上肢骨骼肌模型，实现了目标物体的速度规划。将动态加速度约束转变为静态肌肉激活度约束，提出了一种在动态加速度约束下基于肌肉激活度规划的速度规划算法。用Matlab对提出的算法进行了验证，证明了算法的可行性。与其他的速度规划算法相比，提出的算法所规划的肌肉激活度更符合人体生物力学，提高了航天员的训练效率。     

Radio sounding of the solar wind acceleration region with spacecraft signals

Data from coronal radio-sounding experiments carried out on various interplanetary spacecraft are used to derive the empirical radial dependence of solar wind velocity and density at heliocentric distances from 3 to 60 solar radii for heliolatitudes below 60° and for low solar activity. The radial dependencies of solar wind power and acceleration are derived from these results. Summaries of the radial behavior of characteristic parameters of the solar wind turbulence (e.g., the spectral index and the inner and outer turbulence scales), as well as the fractional density fluctuation, are also presented. These radio-sounding results provide a benchmark for models of the solar wind in its acceleration region.     

基于特征点位置及速度的空间非合作目标质心位置测量方法

对于空间非合作目标,地面上所用的质心位置测量方法难以实现。提出了一种应用摄像测量学实现质心位置测量的新方法。首先采用双相机对目标进行拍摄,通过特征点的匹配计算目标表面上特征点的位置及速度;再通过这些特征点的位置及速度,结合刚体运动学理论,计算目标的质心位置。仿真结果表明,本方法可以有效地实现目标的质心位置测量。     

基于观测器的漂浮基空间机器人模糊神经网络控制

针对自由漂浮状态的空间机器人模型不确定性及外部干扰,并考虑到通常其关节电机运行于低速工况下,测速机难以满足要求,提出了一种速度重构的空间机器人模糊基函数网络控制策略。首先建立空间机器人动力学模型,而后借助观测器来重构速度信息,利用模糊基函数网络的学习能力来同时逼近控制器和观测器中的非线性,动态抵消模型不确定性及系统偏差对速度重构的影响。网络的权值及参数的调整算法在线实时自适应调整,不需要离线学习阶段。仿真结果表明该控制策略能够达到较高的控制精度,对于通常工作在低速工况下的空间机器人具有重要工程应用价值。     

基于RANS/NLAS的火箭跨声速脉动压力环境预示

为了快速准确地预示大型火箭结构的脉动压力环境,采用雷诺平均N-S方程(RANS)求解流场、非线性噪声求解方程(NLAS)求解声场相结合的技术途径,数值求解了跨声速阶段火箭表面锥柱肩部、船尾倒锥、裙柱部区典型位置处脉动压力,给出了火箭在不同马赫教条件下的均方根脉动压力系数、声压级等.结果表明,基于RANS/NLAS方法,...     

一种对磁电式速度传感器进行动态补偿的新方法

在已知磁电式速度传感器传递函数的情况下,采用优化技术设计了动态数字滤波器。在不改变传感器高频特性的情况下,扩展了传感器的低频工作范围。该设计方法基于系统辨识,一切算法都在时间域内完成,可全部借助于计算机进行处理。实践证明,采用该方法可以有效地改善传感器及其它测量系统的动念特性。文中的模型定阶准则是在设计磁电式速度传感器的动态补偿数字滤波器时,采用其它准则都不易实现的情况下提出来的,具有一定的通用性。最后,计算了一个设计实例。     

基于速度观测器的模型参考自适应摩擦补偿

具有相对运动的机械伺服系统中都存在着摩擦干扰力矩。针对机械伺服系统不能提供速度信号时的摩擦补偿问题 ,本文提出了一种基于速度观测器的模型参考自适应摩擦补偿方法 ,该方法利用一降维观测器在线估计速度信号 ,并根据该估计信号构成模型参考自适应摩擦补偿器。根据摩擦补偿器构成的两种情况 ,对系统误差的收敛性进行了分析 ,并进行了仿真验证 ,仿真结果说明了该方法的有效性和可行性     

Flow field and pressure loss analysis of junction and its structure optimization of aircraft hydraulic pipe system

The flow field in junction is complicated due to the ripple property of oil flow velocity and different frequencies of two pumps in aircraft. In this study, the flow fields of T-junction and Y-junction were analyzed using shear stress transport (SST) model in ANSYS/CFX software. The simulation results identified the variation rule of velocity peak in T-junction with different frequencies and phase-differences, meanwhile, the eddy and velocity shock existed in the corner of the T-junction, and the limit working state was obtained. Although the eddy disappeared in Y-junction, the velocity shock and pressure loss were still too big. To address these faults, an arc-junction was designed. Based on the flow fields of arc-junction, the eddy in the junction corner disappeared and the maximum of velocity peak declined compared to T-and Y-junction. Additionally, 8 series of arc-junction with different radiuses were tested to get the variation rule of velocity peak. Through the computation of the pressure loss of three junctions, the arc-junction had a lowest loss value, and its pressure loss reached the minimum value when the curvature radius is 35.42 mm, meanwhile, the velocity shock has decreased in a low phase.